MALWARE(Pawikhawihna tur liau liau a siam software)

MALWARE
(Pawikhawihna tur liau liau a siam software)

Er. Chhungpuia Renthlei

Senior Technical Officer, NIELIT Aizawl

Mingo tawh phawt chu Sap kan ti ang deuh hian Computer/Smartphone hnathawh tibuaitu hi virus kan ti mai thin. Dikna chen awm mahse, hetiang pawikhawihna tur liau liau a siam software hi chi tam tak a awm a, heng te hi Malware an vuah. Anihna takah chuan virus kan tih mai te pawh hi Malware zinga engemaw ber an ni zawk.   

Malware chu enge ni?
Malware chu MALicious softWARE tihna a ni. Malicious software awmzia chu hackers an tih mai internet kaltlanga pawikhawihtu(cybercriminals) ten midang computer/smartphone hnathawh khawih chingpen leh data rukchhuahna tura an siam software chi hrang hrang sawina a ni. Malware hian Viruses, Worms, Trojan viruses, Spyware, Adware, Ransomware, Botnets, Rootkits e.t.c te hi a huam. An siam chhan ber chu sensitive information rukchhuah nan te, kan hmanrua an thunun theih nan te, Network hmangtu te thil tih enthlak nan te leh computer systems, networks, tablets leh mobile devices hnathawh chawhbuai nan a ni ber.

Malware hian kan hriat miah lovin kan computer/smartphone chhunga data pawimawh a ru thei a, chhiar theih lohvin a siam thei a, a delete thei a, a khawih danglam thei bawk. Computer/Smartphone a kan thil tih zawng zawng min enthlak theih avang hian fimkhur a ngai hle.

Engtinnge computer/smartphone ah Malware a rawn luh?
Cybercriminals /hackers te hi an fing khawp a, internet security a tha tak tak siam mahse, hemi paltlang tur hian malware pawh an siam thiam ve zel bawk a. Heng an malware siam te hi Website, email, image file, document file ah an dah a.Tawkdarh chi hrang hrang nen an thawndarh darh a. A then te phei chu click veleh a rawn activate thei turin executable file(.exe) file chhungah an dah a, an thawk rang thei hle.

A tlangpuiin Malware te hi direct in kan Computer/Smartphone ah an rawn lut thei lo a. Malware an dahna website kan tlawh emaw, malware awmna file kan download leh open a ngai thin a. Hei vang hian heng website te kan tlawh a, malware awmna file kan download a kan open ngei theih nan Phone call emaw, message hmanga awihawm thei ang bera in bumna (Social Engineering) te, Tawkdarh awihawm tak tak (Phishing) hmanga inthlem te an ching hle.Tin, advertisements leh pop-ups hmanga inthlem te, Website lar tak tak ang chiah a Malware awmna website siam te, Malware awmna file network a share kual chiam te leh inbumna awihawm tak tak an hmang nasa hle bawk.

Computer/ Smartphone ah Malware a awm tih engtinge kan hriat theih ang?
Kan system a an rawn luh tirh hian malware awm leh awm loh hi hriat a har hle. Pawi an khawih hnuah erawh chuan hriat loh rual loh a ni thung. I Computer/Smartphone kha han bihchiang la, heng a hnuaia mi ang hi a awm anih chuan malware i kai tihna ani.

Ni dang zawng aiin i computer /phone kha a muang ang. Ads ninawm tak tak screen ah an rawn lang sek ang a, a chang leh pop up message a rawn lang thin ang.Computer/Smartphone hnathawh a tawp thut anga, restart loh phei chuan engmah i ti thei lo ang. A chang phei chuan service center a kalpui hial a ngai ang.

Memory Free space a rawn tlem thut ang. Malware in hard drive a thukru then tihna a ni.Internet a muang em em anga, browser settings a inthlak thut thut thin ang. A chang chuan Antivirus te khanhna engmah a thawk lo anga, Turn on tum mahla amahin a in turn off leh zel ang.

Malware lar zual te chu eng te nge ?
Kan sawi tawh ang khan Malware chu Computer/ Smartphone hnathawh tibuai thei sofrware sawina a ni a, chi hrang hrang a tam hle. An hnathawh dan pawh a in anglo hlawm hle.

Virus: Malware zingah chuan virus hi a lar ber a, systema a rawn luh tawh chuan click emaw, download kher ngailovin amahin a rawn in activate thei a, program leh file khawih chhe turin an in thehdarh chiam thei.

Worm: System a an rawn luh tawh chuan malware authors te puihna tel miah lovin an mahni ang chiah file kha copy tam tak an siama (self-replicate), hmun tinah an taidarh thin.System an timuang hle thin.

Trojan horse: Software tha leh him tak angin an siam a. Install veleh system an khawih chingpen a, data an ruk chhuak thin.

Spyware: Computer/Smartphone a kan thil tih zawng zawng min enthla thei a, data pawimawh an ru thei a, an delete thei a, an khawih danglam thei bawk.

Ransomware: File chhiar theih lohvin an siam danglam (Encrypt) a, pawisa thahnem tak hmanga khulh chhuak leh turin an vau thin.

Rootkit: Admin user leh password a zawng chhuak thei a, administrator-level hmangin system duhtawkin system a thunun thei.

Backdoor virus: System's security program hriat chhuah theih loh turin systemah kua a hreuh a, duh tawkin a thunun thei. Hei hi Remote access Trojan (RAT) an ti bawk.

Adware: Computer/Smartphone hmangtu browser leh download history a chhui a, kan thil tih leh kan duh zawng a hre vek a. display pop-up leh banner advertisements hmangin thil lei turin min thlem thin.

Keylogger: Computer/Smartphone a kan thil tih zawng zawng emails thawn, webpages tlawh, programs kan tih laia keyboard kan hmeh(keystrokes) zawng zawng a lo enthla vek thei.

Malware lakah engtinge kan invenhim ang?
Banking, social leh shopping accounts ah Multifactor authentication hman a tha.Rinhlelh kai link hrim hrim click lo a, delete nghal zel a tha. Email security settings fimkhur taka set a, spam filters sang tha taka dah tur a ni. A khat tawka email check a, file tullo delete vek tur a ni.

Regular takin file pawimawh backup thin tur a ni. Advertisement leh Pop up awm tamna file uninstall vek tur a ni. Tin, Regular taka Windows/Android leh software update hi a tha khawp mai. Tin, Pendrive, Memory card leh CDROM te kan hmang anih chuan remove hmasak phawt a, phawi tur a ni.